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The Crusades The Crusades were a series of Holy Wars launched by the Christian states of Europe against the Saracens.

Cause of the Crusades
The reason and cause of the crusades was a war between Christians and Moslems which centered around the city of Jerusalem and the Holy places of Palestine. The City of Jerusalem held a Holy significance to the Christian religion. The Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem commemorated the hill of crucifixion and the tomb of Christ's burial. Pilgrims throughout the Middle Ages made sacred pilgrimages to the Holy city of Jerusalem and the church. Although the city of Jerusalem was held by the Saracens the Christian pilgrims had been granted safe passage to visit the Holy city. In 1065 Jerusalem was taken by the Turks, who came from the kingdom of ancient Persia. 3000 Christians were massacred and the remaining Christians were treated so badly that throughout Christendom people were stirred to fight in crusades. [|Middle Ages] [|Catholic Encyclopedia]

__Crusade __ || __Crusades Timeline of Events __ || standard weapons like Long Swords, Maces, Spears, and arrows were used media type="youtube" key="gEqbNxjPJj8" height="360" width="480" ||
 * __Crusade __ || Dates of
 * First Crusade || 1096 - 1099 || The People's Crusade - Freeing the Holy Lands. 1st Crusade led by Count Raymond IV of Toulouse and proclaimed by many wandering preachers, notably Peter the Hermit ||
 * Second Crusade || 1144 -1155 || Crusaders prepared to attack Damascus. 2nd crusade led by Holy Roman Emperor Conrad III and by King Louis VII of France ||
 * Third Crusade || 1187 -1192 || 3rd Crusade led by Richard the Lionheart of England, Philip II of France, and Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I. Richard I made a truce with Saladin ||
 * Fourth Crusade || <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #666633; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">1202 -1204 || <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #666633; display: block; font-family: 'arial black',gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%; text-align: left;">4th Crusade led by Fulk of Neuil French/Flemish advanced on Constantinople ||
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #666633; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">The Children's Crusade || <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #666633; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">1212 || <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #666633; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">The Children's Crusade led by a French peasant boy, Stephen of Cloyes ||
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #666633; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Fifth Crusade || <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #666633; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">1217 - 1221 || <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #666633; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">The 5th Crusade led by King Andrew II of Hungary, Duke Leopold VI of Austria, John of Brienne ||
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #666633; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Sixth Crusade || <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #666633; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">1228 - 1229 || <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #666633; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">The 6th Crusade led by Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II ||
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #666633; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Seventh Crusade || <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #666633; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">1248 - 1254 || <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #666633; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">The 7th Crusade led by Louis IX of France ||
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #666633; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Eighth Crusade || <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #666633; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">1270 || <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #666633; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">The 8th Crusade led by Louis IX ||
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #666633; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Ninth Crusade || <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #666633; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">1271 - 1272 || <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #666633; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">The 9th Crusade led by Prince Edward (later Edward I of England)